Instabilities and Small-signal Response of Double Injection Structures with Deep Traps

نویسنده

  • W. H. WEBER
چکیده

The small-signal response is discussed for double injection structures heavily doped with deep recombination centers. The discussion is based on an exact small-signal linearization of the nonlinear equations describing the steady state. Diffusion is neglected, but space charge, thermal emission, and positionand injection-level-dependent lifetimes are included. The problem is reduced to finding the solution of a single second order linear differential equation, which is valid at any injection level. Approximate general solutions are derived for high and low frequencies. Numerical solutions are given for Au-doped silicon p-i-n devices operating in the low injection square-law regime. Previously a much simpler model was used to calculate the small-signal response in this regime, and that model was successful in explaining the spontaneous oscillations observed there. It is demonstrated that the numerical solutions to the exact equation give results very similar to the previous model. A physical description of the space-charge recombination oscillations is given. This description suggests that the space charge on the traps and its phase shift with respect to the free carriers are the important factors giving rise to the oscillatory instabilities. ResumeLa reponse a faible signal pour des structures a double injection fortement addition&es de centres profonds de recombinaison est discutte. La discussion s’appuie sur une linearisation exacte a faible signal des equations nonlineaires dtcrivant l’etat stationnaire. La diffusion est negligee mais la charge d’espace, I’emission thermique et les p&odes de vie dependant de la position et du niveau d’injection sont mises en ligne de compte. Le probltme se ram&e a trouver la resolution d’une seule equation differentielle lineaire de deuxitme ordre, qui est valable pour tout niveau d’injection. Des resolutions generales d’approximation sont deduites pour les hautes et les basses frequences. On offre des resolutions numeriques pour des des dispositifs p-i-n de silicium addition&s d’Au fonctionnant dans des regimes de loi carree d’injection basse. Un modele beaucoup moins complexe a ite employ6 anterieurement pour le calcul de la reponse a faible signal darts ce regime, et ce modele pouvait expliquer avec succes les oscillations spontanees y observees. On demontre que les resolutions numeriques de l’equation axacte offrent des resultats tres semblables a ceux du modele andieur. Une description physique des oscillations de la recombinaison de charge d’espace est donnee. Cette description suggere que la charge d’espace sur les trappes et son dephasage a l’egard des porteurs de charges libres sont les facteurs essentiels dans l’origine des instabilites oscillatoires. Zusammenfassung Das Wechselstromverhalten von Doppelinjektionstrukturen, stark dotiert mit tiefliegenden Rekombinationszentren, wird diskutiert. Die Diskussion basiert auf eine, fir kleine Signale, exakte Linearisation der nichtlinearen Gleichungen welche den Dauerzustand beschreiben. Diffusion wird vemachhissigt, jedoch Raumladung, thermische Emission, und position-und injekionsniveauabhangige Lebensdauer werden beriicksichtigt. Das Problem wird darauf reduziert, die Losung fur eine lineare Differentialgleichung zweiter Ordnung zu finden die fur jedes Injektionsniveau giiltig ist. Angemiherte generelle Losungen fiir hohe und niedrige Frequenzen werden abgeleitet. Numerische Losungen fiir Au-dotierte Silizium p-i-n Dioden die im Bereich der bei niedriger lnjektion quadratischen Abhartgigkeit arbeiten werden gegeben. Ein wesentlich einfacheres Model1 wurde friiher benutzt urn die Wechselstromverhalten in diesem Bereich zu berechnen. Dieses Model1 erklarte erfolgreich die dort beobachteten spontanen Oszillationen. Es wird gezeigt, dass die numeris-

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تاریخ انتشار 2002